https://www.inventionandtech.com/ en https://www.inventionandtech.com/content/international-boundary-marker-1 <span>International Boundary Marker #1</span> <div class="field field--name-field-image-site-img field--type-image field--label-hidden field__item"> <img src="/sites/default/files/styles/landmark_node_/public/2018-03/US%E2%80%93Mexico_International_Boundary_Monument_No._1.jpg?itok=cTLNjaqz" width="250" height="333" alt="International Boundary Marker #1" typeof="foaf:Image" /> </div> <span><a title="View user profile." href="/users/taiyuan-pai" lang="" about="/users/taiyuan-pai" typeof="schema:Person" property="schema:name" datatype="" class="username"></a></span> <span>Tue, 07/31/2012 - 14:56</span> <div class="field field--name-field-society field--type-entity-reference field--label-inline"> <div class="field__label">Society</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/category/society/asce" hreflang="en">ASCE</a></div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-main-category field--type-entity-reference field--label-inline"> <div class="field__label">Main Category</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/category/main-category/civil" hreflang="en">Civil</a></div> </div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-era field--type-entity-reference field--label-inline"> <div class="field__label">Era</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/category/period/1850-1859" hreflang="en">1850-1859</a></div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-date-created field--type-entity-reference field--label-inline"> <div class="field__label">Date Created</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/category/date-created/1855" hreflang="en">1855</a></div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-location-country field--type-string field--label-inline"> <div class="field__label">Location Country</div> <div class="field__item">us</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-coordinates field--type-geolocation field--label-inline"> <div class="field__label">Coordinates</div> <div class="field__item"><span typeof="Place"> <span property="geo" typeof="GeoCoordinates"> <meta property="latitude" content="31.783998"> <meta property="longitude" content="-106.52975"> </span> <span class="geolocation-latlng">31.783998, -106.52975</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-city field--type-string field--label-inline"> <div class="field__label">City</div> <div class="field__item">El Paso</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-state field--type-entity-reference field--label-inline"> <div class="field__label">State</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/category/state/tx" hreflang="en">TX</a></div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-country field--type-entity-reference field--label-inline"> <div class="field__label">Country</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/category/country/usa" hreflang="en">USA</a></div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-website field--type-link field--label-inline"> <div class="field__label">Website</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="http://www.asce.org/project/international-boundary-marker/">http://www.asce.org/project/international-boundary-marker/</a></div> </div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-creator field--type-entity-reference field--label-inline"> <div class="field__label">Creator</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/category/inventor/william-emory" hreflang="en">Emory, William</a></div> </div> </div> <div class="field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item"><p>William Emory was an 1831 graduate of the U.S. Military Academy at West Point. When the Mexican War broke out, he was assigned as chief engineer officer to General Stephen Kearny, whose army traversed largely unknown territories in the West. The U.S. War Department would later print 10,000 copies of Emory's Notes of a Military Reconnaissance, which made a significant contribution to understanding the geography and topography of the Southwest.</p> <p>The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo in 1848 ended the Mexican War and ceded to the U.S. a vast expanse of land stretching from Texas to the Pacific and as far north as present-day Wyoming. The Rio Grande River became the official boundary between the two countries from El Paso east, but the treaty defined the western portion of the border only in principle. </p> <p>It was the superb surveying skills of William Emory and the Emory-Salazar Commission that pinpointed the exact boundary between the U.S. and Mexico across some 2,000 miles of uncharted territory. The commission's pioneering work from 1848 to 1853 is commemorated by International Boundary Marker Number 1, a 12-foot high stone monument erected in 1855 on the west bank of the Rio Grande where the land border begins. </p> <p><strong>Facts</strong>  </p> <ul><li>The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo ceded to the U.S. the territory that now comprises California, Nevada, Utah and parts of Arizona, New Mexico, Colorado, and Wyoming. </li> <li>The boundary marker is located on the west bank of the Rio Grande in the state of New Mexico, its five-foot base bisected by the international border. In 1966, the stone monument was refaced with marbleized concrete and a new concrete base was installed.</li> </ul></div> <div class="field field--name-field-landmark-tags field--type-entity-reference field--label-inline"> <div class="field__label">Tags</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/category/keyword/new-mexico-0" hreflang="en">New Mexico</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/category/keyword/guadalupe-hidalgo" hreflang="en">Guadalupe-Hidalgo</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/category/keyword/kearny" hreflang="en">Kearny</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/category/keyword/mexican-war-0" hreflang="en">Mexican War</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/category/keyword/emory" hreflang="en">Emory</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/category/keyword/arizona" hreflang="en">Arizona</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/category/keyword/colorado-0" hreflang="en">Colorado</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/category/keyword/wyoming" hreflang="en">Wyoming</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/category/keyword/california" hreflang="en">California</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/category/keyword/nevada" hreflang="en">Nevada</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/category/keyword/border" hreflang="en">Border</a></div> </div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-comment field--type-string-long field--label-hidden field__item">Boundary Marker No. 1, located between Dona Ana County, New Mexico (near El Paso, Texas), and Juarez, Mexico, not only represents an international boundary but is also a monument to the professional skills of the American surveyors who were called upon to locate it in 1855.</div> <div class="field field--name-field-image-caption field--type-string-long field--label-inline"> <div class="field__label">Image Caption</div> <div class="field__item">The easternmost boundary marker along the Mexico–United States border, just west of the Rio Grande. The photograph is taken from the northeastern corner, in the United States. The northern side of the obelisk contains a plaque in English; the eastern side of the obelisks contains a plaque in English and Spanish; the southern side of the obelisk presumably contains a plaque in Spanish.</div> </div> Tue, 31 Jul 2012 18:56:02 +0000 Taiyuan Pai 80495 at https://www.inventionandtech.com https://www.inventionandtech.com/content/durango-silverton-branch-drgw-rr <span>Durango-Silverton Branch of the D&amp;RGW RR</span> <div class="field field--name-field-image-site-img field--type-image field--label-hidden field__item"> <img src="/sites/default/files/styles/landmark_node_/public/2018-03/Untitled-5.png?itok=EX7lo3VJ" width="250" height="188" alt="Durango and Silverton Narrow Gauge railway runs along the Highline." typeof="foaf:Image" /> </div> <span><span lang="" typeof="schema:Person" property="schema:name" datatype=""> (not verified)</span></span> <span>Wed, 07/25/2012 - 03:39</span> <div class="field field--name-field-society field--type-entity-reference field--label-inline"> <div class="field__label">Society</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/category/society/asce" hreflang="en">ASCE</a></div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-main-category field--type-entity-reference field--label-inline"> <div class="field__label">Main Category</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/category/main-category/civil" hreflang="en">Civil</a></div> </div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-sub-category field--type-entity-reference field--label-inline"> <div class="field__label">Sub Category</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/category/subcategory/roads-rails" hreflang="en">Roads &amp; Rails</a></div> </div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-era field--type-entity-reference field--label-inline"> <div class="field__label">Era</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/category/period/1880-1889" hreflang="en">1880-1889</a></div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-date-created field--type-entity-reference field--label-inline"> <div class="field__label">Date Created</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/category/date-created/1882" hreflang="en">1882</a></div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-location-country field--type-string field--label-inline"> <div class="field__label">Location Country</div> <div class="field__item">us</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-coordinates field--type-geolocation field--label-inline"> <div class="field__label">Coordinates</div> <div class="field__item"><span typeof="Place"> <span property="geo" typeof="GeoCoordinates"> <meta property="latitude" content="37.2975"> <meta property="longitude" content="-107.710833"> </span> <span class="geolocation-latlng">37.2975, -107.710833</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-city field--type-string field--label-inline"> <div class="field__label">City</div> <div class="field__item">Durango</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-state field--type-entity-reference field--label-inline"> <div class="field__label">State</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/category/state/co" hreflang="en">CO</a></div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-country field--type-entity-reference field--label-inline"> <div class="field__label">Country</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/category/country/usa" hreflang="en">USA</a></div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-website field--type-link field--label-inline"> <div class="field__label">Website</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="http://www.asce.org/project/durango-silverton-narrow-gauge-br-of-the-d-rgwr/">http://www.asce.org/project/durango-silverton-narrow-gauge-br-of-the-d-rgwr/</a></div> </div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-creator field--type-entity-reference field--label-inline"> <div class="field__label">Creator</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/category/inventor/palmer-william-jackson" hreflang="en">Palmer, William Jackson </a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/category/inventor/denver-and-rio-grande-western-railroad" hreflang="en">Denver and Rio Grande Western Railroad</a></div> </div> </div> <div class="field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item"><main><p>The Durango-Silverton Narrow Gauge Branch of the Denver &amp; Rio Grande Western Railroad extends from the town of Durango to the mining camp of Silverton. Built in 1882 through one of the most rugged mountain areas of the nation, its complexity remains a testament to the role civil engineering played in the development of the western United States. </p> <p>The tracks rise up the sheer, steep Animas Canyon, running along a rock ledge just wide enough to carry the train. The line is used today as a tourist attraction, carrying visitors through the picturesque San Juan Mountains.</p> <p>The 45-mile line was constructed in just over nine months at a cost of $917,303. The first steel rails produced in Colorado were used in construction of this line.</p> <p><strong>Facts</strong>  </p> <ul><li>Silverton sits at an elevation of 9,300 feet. </li> <li>The railway's maximum grade is 2.5 percent. In such rugged terrain, this relatively modest project was a significant surveying and construction accomplishment. </li> <li>The 500 laborers who built the railway were primarily Irish and Chinese immigrants. </li> <li>Laborers lived in rail cars provided by the D&amp; R Western Railroad, though some chose to make their homes in nearby caves. The average daily pay was $2.25. </li> </ul><p><em>Resources</em>  </p> <ol><li>Royem, Robert,  <em>An American Classic: The Durango &amp; Silverton Narrow Gauge Railroad</em> , 1995, Limelight Press. </li> </ol>   <h3>CLAIM TO FAME</h3> The Durango-Silverton Narrow Gauge Train is one of the last of the narrow gauge railroads, linking the Colorado mining towns of Durango and Silverton and is an example of the important role that civil engineering played in developing the west.</main></div> <div class="field field--name-field-landmark-tags field--type-entity-reference field--label-inline"> <div class="field__label">Tags</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/category/keyword/durango" hreflang="en">Durango</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/category/keyword/colorado-0" hreflang="en">Colorado</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/category/keyword/railroad-0" hreflang="en">Railroad</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/category/keyword/gold-0" hreflang="en">Gold</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/category/keyword/gold-1" hreflang="en">Gold</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/category/keyword/silver-0" hreflang="en">Silver</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/category/keyword/silverton-0" hreflang="en">Silverton</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/category/keyword/narrow-guage-0" hreflang="en">Narrow Guage</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/category/keyword/animas-canyon-0" hreflang="en">Animas Canyon</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/category/keyword/san-juan-0" hreflang="en">San Juan</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/category/keyword/steel-rail-0" hreflang="en">Steel Rail</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/category/keyword/steel-rail-1" hreflang="en">Steel Rail</a></div> </div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-comment field--type-string-long field--label-hidden field__item">&quot;It was an era of boisterous expansion, and a spirit of heady optimism infused the developing nation. The train gave Americans a taste of freedom and mobility that had never been known.&quot; <br /> - Robert Royem An American Classic: The Durango &amp; Silverton Narrow Gauge Railroad </div> <div class="field field--name-field-image-caption field--type-string-long field--label-inline"> <div class="field__label">Image Caption</div> <div class="field__item">Durango and Silverton Narrow Gauge railway runs along the Highline.</div> </div> Wed, 25 Jul 2012 07:39:11 +0000 Anonymous 80182 at https://www.inventionandtech.com